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Psychosemantic methods: between qualitative and quantitative approaches
Urbánek, Tomáš
Psychosemantic methods can be loosely defined as methods enabling to examine or measure various features of the human psyche in some way, mostly by means of assessing the similarities or differences between meanings, assigned by examinees to the stimuli used in these methods.These methods can be used for illustration of the possible connection between qualitative and quantitative methodologies, since the data obtained this way can be quantitatively analysed and interpreted both on the level of indvidual and /or appropriately selected group of individuals. An example of the psychosemantic method in this article is the Semantic selection test.
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What impacts had new drug low on illegal drug users?
Miovský, Michal
Qualitative part of PAD project had three substudies. Two of then focused on illegal drug users and proffesionals from the area health and social care. The main goal of this substudies was identify all potentional changes of risk behaviour on the different levels in drug users population and potentional changes in entrance or drop-out from social and health care. Second area for analysis was the identification of changies on the black market, changies of police behaviour (and strategies) and other institutions. The crucial point was cinfirmation of refute the ralation between changies and new drug low. In both of this substudies was dominant qualitative methods and technics. As a nomination technique was used Snowball sampling and for data collection semistructured inetrview, observation and estimation technics. This methods was used in the framework Rapid Assessment methods (WHO 1998).
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Thinking narratively: qualitative research "on the road"
Čermák, Ivo
The role of narrativity in the process of qualitative research is briefly described in the paper. In narrative research, mathodological canons of representativness, method, and expert position in research are abandoned, validity is replaced by concept of finding trustworthiness, and sharing, participative-dialogical interpretation and meaning re-construction are emphasized. The story is considered a basis and also an object of narrative research. Stories are interpretations of life and an individual became an autobiographic narrativity. Story is a tool of identity construction and also reflection and can be labelled as a narrative identity. The aim of narrative research lies in good-story construction, which has not to be contradictory to the searching of truth. Narrative research is a way toward narrative knowing. Continuous communication with different versions of human research is a basic principle of narrative methodology and protection against rigidity.
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Qualitative research in social Science
Čermák, Ivo ; Miovský, Michal
Publication is the second in sequence of publications from conference about qualitative research in social sciences. This conference (in 2002) was organized according to first conference organized in 1999. The organizers of the conferences plan to hold this short tradition of meeting for professionals in the field of qualitative research with biennial frequencies.
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Stručné dějiny kvalitativního výzkumu v psychologii
Heller, Daniel
The author deals with qualitative research in psychology in broad and narrow sense.As examples of the first concept, he introduces the spiritual psychology of W. Dilthey and E. Spranger, psychoanalysis, and further important psychological schools of the twentieth century. As examples of the second concept, he points to the works of N. K. Denzin, Y. S. Lincoln, N. Hayes, J. T. E. Richardson, M. Hammersley, etc. He deals with historical psychological background of qualitative research and with the qualitative research as a figure on this background. He analyses step by step the seven component meanings of the qualitative vs. quantitative divide according Hammersley(1992) and Hayes (1997) and illustrates them all by examples. Further, he characterises the latest history of qualitative research in psychology during last ten years emphasising the important role of British psychology. In the conclusion, he personally supports the methodological pluralism in psychological study of human experience and behaviour.
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Qualitative research in human sciences at the threshold of the third millenium
Čermák, Ivo ; Miovský, Michal
The collection of papers is focused on qualitative approach to the research in human sciences, mostly in psychology. Theoretical and historical framework of qualitative research is articulated. Tension between qualitative and quantitative perspective in research is reformulated - continuum of cooperation is more useful version of research in human sciences. Several particular qualitative studies concerning family, drug-abuse, and process of therapy, etc. are presented. The specific qualitative methods - grounded theory, focus group, rapid assessment - is also demonstrated as a useful tools in research studies.
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The life-style of skinheads in Brno cominity: The Focus group method?
Navrátil, Marek ; Čermák, Ivo ; Horoščák, M.
This study was aimed at some aspects of Czech skinhead´s life style. The focus was on the narratives, which were relevant from the participant´s point of view: social status, value orentation, attitudes towards minorities, peers, parents, and towards authorities. Their emotional coping style, aggressive feelings, identification with ideology of skinhead movement, and their self-presentation were also described. Research was carried out as a qualitative moderated focus group with 10 members of the skinhead movement.
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Research design of qualitative part of PAD project
Miovský, Michal
The author presents the research design of project PAD. The main goal of Goverment research project PAD is assessment of effectiveness of the drug legislation context change - new drug low, that started in spring 1999. This project has two parts with different metho-dological frameworks: a) methodology of Cost of Illness, espesially Cost and benefit method, b) qualitative research methods, particularly Rapid Assessment (WHO), Grounded Theory etc. In the paper is argued that the implementation of Cost and benefit and Cost of illness is not possible without results coming from qualitative part of study. Supervisor of the qualitative part of the project is professor Bruce Bullington from the School of Criminal Justice (Florida state univerzity, USA).
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Quantitative approaches to analysis of qualitative data
Urbánek, Tomáš
The three contemporary quantitative approaches convenient to the analysis of qualitative data are presented: data theory, structural modeling based on information theory, and optimal scaling. The generality and flexibility of the approaches in the analysis of relationships among variables are emphasized.
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